Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. About one-half of all men and one-third of all women in the US will develop cancer during their lifetimes. Today, millions of people are living with cancer or have had cancer. Cancer begins when cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control. There are many kinds of cancer, and different types of cancer respond to different types of treatment. The growth in our knowledge of cancer biology has led to remarkable progress in cancer prevention, early detection and treatment. Scientists have learned more about cancer in the last two decades than has been learned in all the centuries preceding.